China’s wine joins best-sellers
Two Chinese winemakers were among the world’s top 10 best-selling wine brands in 2016, according to recently published data, as Britain’s two biggest supermarket chains begin stocking Chinese wine.
A list compiled by UK trade publication The Drinks Business had China’s Changyu as the fourth best-selling wine brand, by volume. It sold 15 million cases, which was the same volume it sold in 2015.
Beijing-based Great Wall was the 10th best-selling brand. It sold 7 million cases in 2016, down from 7.8 million in 2015. United States brand Barefoot was the best-selling product last year, selling 22.5 million cases.
Chinese wine consumption rose by 7 percent last year, and The Drinks Business estimates that, by 2020, China will have surpassed the UK to become the second-most-valuable wine market, behind the US.
Changyu and Great Wall dominate domestic consumption in China, and the companies are making inroads into the international market. Great Wall owns brands in Chile and France, while Changyu exports to several major European markets, including the UK.
This year, the UK’s two leading supermarket chains, Tesco and Sainsbury’s, began selling mid-range Changyu wines, starting at 7 pounds ($9) a bottle. UK wine merchant Berry Bros & Rudd has had four Changyu wines in permanent stock since 2013.
Chris Mercer, online editor for wine magazine Decanter, said the appearance of affordable Chinese wines in the UK comes as supermarkets look to import more wines from outside the eurozone.
“You are seeing the exchange rate between sterling and the euro becomes really unfavorable,” Mercer said.
“Everyone has realized that China is producing a shedload of wine, and the general consensus is that the quality is getting better.”
In January, Sainsbury’s began stocking Changyu Noble Dragon Red Cabernet Gernischt at an introductory price of 8 pounds a bottle.
Source: China Daily. Date: 2017-08-18
Asia at risk from intensive farming
A range of health and environmental risks associated with Asian meat production has the potential to significantly impact businesses and threaten investor returns in the region, a new report has warned.
Asia’s meat, seafood and dairy industries face a range of badly managed sustainability risks, from deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions to food fraud and the misuse of antibiotics, according to a new report by the Farm Animal Investment Risk and Return (FAIRR) initiative.
The report reviews risks around five issues that it says could result in greater regulatory controls, price volatility, weaker consumer demand and continuity problems in supply chains, all of which could impair businesses and jeopardise investor returns.
The issues highlighted are food safety and nutrition; public health risks due to antibiotic resistance and the outbreak of livestock viruses; the high environmental footprint of meat production; changing consumer views on animal welfare standards; and labour standards.
Asian meat demand is predicted to grow 19% from 2013 to 2025 to 144m tonnes.
FAIRR noted that a shift towards more intensive farming practices in China in particular is driving up antibiotic use, just as there is a global push to reduce usage in the face of antibiotic resistance. China already consumes almost half of the world’s antibiotics, and due to increased intensive farming, Asia is estimated to increase antibiotic usage in chicken and pigs by 129% and 124% respectively by 2030.
The report stated that threats in Asia also affect the global supply chain. In 2016, China’s demand for animal feed saw it import 35% of Brazil’s total soybean production – encouraging further deforestation in South America – with potentially enormous consequences for global carbon budgets.
Despite the focus on risk, the report said there are also excellent opportunities in Asian markets for more sustainable production. It highlighted that consumer concerns, particularly over health and safety, are resulting in increased demand for differentiated products such as organic meat, vegetarian and plant-based foods or higher welfare meats. Between 2012 and 2016, new product launches with vegetarian claims increased by 140% and new product launches with vegan claims increased by 440% in Southeast Asia.
Source: Footprint. Date: 2017-08-17
In India, an Uber for farm machinery aims to make a difference in rural areas
Uber has inspired countless businesses to adopt its asset-light and on-demand approach to their industries. The examples are countless. Food delivery, dry cleaning, jet planes, home services rental bikes, or even phone chargers to name but a few — but how about farming equipment?
That’s the case in India, where a startup called EM3 AgriServices is helping rural farmers literally get their hands on specialist (and expensive) equipment and machines that would ordinarily be out of their reach. The goal is to help them earn their livelihood with cutting-edge tech without breaking the bank.
The concept is actually quite straightforward. EM3 works with farmers who own equipment like tractors, harvesters and other mechanical implements by allowing them to ‘rent’ out their assets to help pay off the purchase or generate additional revenue. Farmers, typically those in remote regional with small holdings and limited capital, then get access to quality implements and machines on a pay-as-you-use basis on either an hourly or acreage pricing.
That’s important when most farms in India are smaller than three acres. Tight economics, and a reliance on loans to make big-ticket purchases, are thought to be a key factor responsible for a high level of suicides among farmers over the past twenty years.
“The average Indian farm holding is just one percent of what you’d find in U.S., so farmers aren’t able to afford technology, even basic mechanization, because the capital load is too high,” EM3 founder and managing director Rohtash Mal (pictured above) told TechCrunch in an interview.
And he should know. Mal, a 63-year-old self-confessed “corporate world veteran,” started EM3 with his son Adwitiya Mal (CEO) in 2013 after a spell in charge of agriculture machinery manufacturer Escorts gave him a glimpse into the struggles of Indian farmers.
“In the farm equipment business one thing became clear, we did everything we could to help customers buy our products, but the fact is that the small farm could not afford the rate of technology,” Mal senior said.
“We’re inspired by what happens in tech world, but this hasn’t been done in agriculture before. The need wasn’t there in a lot of markets, such as the U.S., which were the foundation heads of technology, but the need is here in India,” he added.
The company calls its business farming-as-a-service — or Faas.
Unlike Uber, which has pioneered an online business model, EM3 is ‘tech-enabled’ rather than ‘tech.’ That’s to say that while it uses common on-demand tech to manage supply-demand, customer data and more, the majority of its business is offline. That’s because, quite simply, its customer base remains disconnected from the internet.
“The majority of farmers are not on smartphones,” Mal junior said. “The smartphone penetration is increasing but it isn’t at critical mass yet so we have a physical on the ground presence.”
So where there are apps for those ahead of the curve, EM3 operates call centers for handling requests from farmers — both inventory owners and prospective renters — and it deploys local representatives in the villages that it serves. But even the select farmers who are online and own smartphones find something comforting and secure about talking to a person on the other end of the phone when it comes to business matters that impact their life, the EM3 execs said.
To date, EM3 has focused on central parts of India where it claims to have worked with 8,000 farms through its 10 service centers. Mal senior explained that its platform covers machinery and services that span all seasons, but customer activity levels do vary during different parts of the farming calendar and based on location, crop type, etc.
The startup recently partnered with the local government of Rajasthan, India’s largest province by size and a major agriculture producer, to make a push into helping thousands more farmers. It is planning further forays, too, after raising significant funding from investors.
EM3 closed a $10 million in Series B financing led by Global Innovation Fund and VC firm Aspada which will be put to work expanding into more regions, increasing its inventory and developing tech. EM3 previously raised a $3.3 million Series A round led by Aspada in 2015.
Further down the line, Mal senior said he can envisage its business moving into other areas of a farmer’s business where it believes it can add value.
“There’s no other company [offering this service yet, but I’m sure there will be me-toos,” he said.
“We are still significantly ahead, but will have to add more and more to the menu of services to keep our lead. We want to become more dedicated to the farmer and look for more opportunities in farming and adjacent spaces.”
Already there is competition with Gold Farm and Trringo, a subsidiary of automotive conglomerate Mahindra & Mahindra, opening similar services over the past year.
Interest in agritech in India has heated up in recent years. Earlier in 2017, Accel backed AgroStar, a startup that offers a range of guidance and e-commerce services targeted at rural farmers, in its first deal in the sector. Plenty of other VCs in the country have expressed their interest about getting into the space, which has the potential to harness the power of technology to help many farmers in a profound way.
Source: Techcrunch. Date: 2017-08-17
Chinese authorities to visit Irish beef plants in the coming weeks
A group of Chinese inspectors is set to visit a number of Irish beef plants later this month.
Members of the Chinese Certification and Accreditation Administration (CNCA) are due to arrive in Ireland during the last week of August to inspect a number Irish beef processing facilities.
This visit is a step in the right direction for Irish beef exporters’ hopes of accessing the lucrative Chinese market. And, a successful outcome would further advance the process of opening the market to Irish beef.
This is particularly important as China was the second-largest importer of beef on the global stage in 2016. In addition, Chinese beef imports are expected to reach 1.2 million tonnes by 2025.
Back in April, the Minister for Agriculture, Michael Creed said it’s “a case of when, rather than if” when it comes to accessing the Chinese market with Irish beef.
He made the comments following a meeting with the the Chinese AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping, who has responsibility for the Chinese Quarantine and Inspection Service.
At the time, both minsters signed a formal protocol on beef exports to China. The protocol specifically focused on frozen beef under 30-months-of-age.
US Beef Moves A Step Closer To Accessing China
American beef exports to China are set to resume again after a 14-year absence, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced in June.
The US has reached an agreement with Chinese officials on export protocols, which will allow for shipments to begin.
China’s beef imports have increased from $275 million in 2012 to $2.5 billion in 2016, according to the USDA. China was the second-largest importer of beef in the world last year, taking in 825,000t.
However, the US has been banned from China’s market since 2003. China implemented the ban on US beef amid concerns about BSE.
Following negotiations, it has been agreed that US beef exports to China must meet specified requirements under the USDA Export Verification (EV) Programme.
Source: Agriland. Date: 2017-08-17
Japan, South Korea Counter Weaker Chinese Pork Imports
JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA & CHINA – Both Japan and South Korea have reported year-on-year increases in fresh/frozen pork imports during the first half of 2017, according to Bethan Wilkins, AHDB Pork analyst.
With Chinese import demand slowing in the second quarter, these destinations have become increasingly important outlets for the global pork market.
During the first six months of 2017, Japan imported 459,000 tonnes of pork, 7 per cent more than in the same period last year. Shipments from Canada in particular were 19 per cent higher year-on-year.
Meanwhile, the other key suppliers, the EU and US, saw more modest increases of 3 per cent and 4 per cent respectively.
The expansion in EU shipments was largely driven by increasing imports from Spain in the second quarter. Conversely, US shipments actually fell 1 per cent on the year in Q2.
For South Korea, fresh/frozen pork imports increased 12 per cent on 2016 during the first half of the year, reaching 257,000 tonnes.
Disease outbreaks in both the beef and poultry sectors have reportedly boosted demand for pig meat this year.
EU shipments, which were up 25 per cent year-on-year and now provide over half of import requirements, drove the overall expansion.
Within this, volumes from Germany and the Netherlands were up 46 per cent and 58 per cent respectively.
The sharp increase in German shipments in particular is likely related to the temporary suspension of exports to China from a number of key plants earlier this year.
The UK also supplies pig meat to South Korea, albeit in small volumes (1,600 tonnes), but shipments were nonetheless 50 per cent higher than a year earlier.
Looking forwards, Chinese import demand is could remain behind 2016 levels in the latter half of the year.
Reports suggest there are expectations extensive farm closures could occur during Q3 under environmental regulations, leading to a temporary oversupply of pork on the market.
As such, how Japanese and South Korean import demand develops throughout the rest of 2017 could be key to global market balance.
Nonetheless, the outlook for South Korean demand at least seems positive, with pork likely to continue benefitting from disease pressures in the other protein sectors.
Source: The Pig Site. Date: 2017-08-17
Vietnamese forum promotes vegetables, fruits trade to China
A forum promoting trade in Vietnamese and Chinese vegetables and fruits took place in the northern border province of Lang Son on August 11.
Speaking at the event, Vice Chairman of the provincial People’s Committee Ly Vinh Quang said Lang Son has an important geographical location in the Nanning – Lang Son – Hanoi – Hai Phong economic corridor, and has been a gateway for Vietnamese farm produce to access the Chinese market via Tan Thanh, Coc Nam and Huu Nghi border gates.
In 2016, Lang Son’s border gates allowed the export of nearly 478,514 tonnes of dragon fruit; 223,455 tonnes of watermelon; 240,345 tonnes of longan fruit; 81,198 tonnes of litchi; 8,135 tonnes of rambutan; and 17,837 tonnes of dried cashew nuts to China.
Over the past years, the province has opened additional auxiliary border gates such as Na Hinh, Co Sau, Binh Nghi, expanded roads leading to border gates, built infrastructure in border gates, and improved the capacity of goods transit and customs clearance.
Quang took the occasion to commit all possible support to enterprises.
Vice Mayor of Guangxi’s Chongzuo city said Chongzuo borders Lang Son province and shares similar customs and climate, adding that there remains room for bilateral cooperation in cultivation and farm produce processing.
Each year, Vietnam exports 1,866,000 tonnes of farm produce worth 6.89 billion CNY to China via Chongzuo’s border gates. Vietnamese fruits such as litchi, mango and dragon fruits are popular in China.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade’s Border and Mountainous Trade Department said farm produce, including fresh fruits are mostly exported to China via border gates, accounting for more than half of the total. Several commodities saw export growth such as rubber, cassava powder, fisheries, confectionary, coffee and tea.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development’s Plant Protection Agency, Vietnam shipped more than 2 million tonnes of fruits and vegetables worth 1.6 billion USD to China last year. In the past seven months of this year, the country earned over 1.3 billion USD from exporting roughly 1.2 million tonnes of fruits and vegetables to the neighbour.
Source: VNA. Date: 2017-08-14
‘NI’s approval to export pork to China could be worth in excess of £10 million’
Northern Ireland’s final approval to export pork to China could be worth in excess of £10 million (€11 million) to the local agri-food industry, according to the North’s Chief Veterinary Officer, Robert Huey.
He made the comments as he welcomed the announcement of the approval, which was made by the Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) earlier today.
This welcome news follows concerted efforts by the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) over time working closely with DEFRA, he said.
“Ministerial visits to China by former Agriculture Ministers, O’Neill and McIlveen, in support of our industry were an essential element of this success story.
“We are also indebted to Madam Wang, Consul General of the People’s Republic of China in Belfast for her support.
“This joined up approach between government, industry and key stakeholders is central to this announcement today,” Huey said.
The new UK export deal with China will bring a £200 million (€220.2 million) boost to the UK food industry and support 1,500 jobs, according to DEFRA.
In Northern Ireland, two slaughterhouses and two cold stores have now been given the green light to export pork.
The commencement of pork exports to China – including exports of trotters – will represent a major boost for the local pork industry, Huey explained.
“It will expand markets and secure jobs. By recommending approval for Northern Ireland, the Chinese authorities have recognised the rigorous standards we have in place to produce our high-quality, safe and wholesome pork.
“This approval to export pork represents a tangible outcome in DAERA’s long-term engagement strategy with China and also represents achievement in securing access to one of the primary new markets outlined in the Going for Growth initiative,” he concluded.
Source: Agriland. Date: 2017-08-14
Tech-savvy generation a growing hope for Japan’s agriculture sector
Farmers who are younger and business- and tech-savvy are transforming Japan’s shrinking agriculture sector with cutting-edge techniques and marketing strategies, giving new hope to an industry in slow decline.
Mr Hiroki Iwasa, a 40-year-old information technology entrepreneur with an MBA, grows strawberries in seven high-tech greenhouses, where computers set the temperature and humidity to optimum growing conditions and ensure the rows of bushes are sprayed with water at precise times.
He markets his Migaki Ichigo brand of strawberries directly to fancy department stores in Tokyo, where they go for as much as 1,000 yen (S$12.40) apiece, as well as to customers in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand, where Japanese produce has an excellent reputation.
Such changes, while small, come as Prime Minister Shinzo Abe pushes to reform Japan’s hidebound farm industry where small-plot holdings still dominate, the average farmer is aged over 66, and the sector’s contribution to the economy has fallen by 25 per cent since its peak in 1984.
They should also make Japan more resilient if the United States tries – as Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer has hinted – to prise open markets such as rice and beef that are protected by tariffs.
Mr Iwasa was running an IT company and getting an MBA in Tokyo when his coastal home town of Yamamoto in the north-eastern prefecture of Miyagi, an area famous for strawberries, was hit by the March 2011 tsunami.
He rushed to help with relief efforts and later saw an opportunity to combine his tech skills with the specialised know-how of a local farmer.
He now heads six-year-old GRA Inc, which has 20 full-time employees and 50 part-timers, including four dedicated to managing overseas orders.
“Farmers’ intuition and experience may not always result in a good harvest. So it’s crucial that we capture that as explicit knowledge in technology and automation, and use that to increase productivity,” Mr Iwasa said.
“Nurturing professional farm managers is also needed.”
By leasing surrounding land, Mr Iwasa expanded his farm to 2ha, about 10 times the size of an average strawberry farm in Japan.
Such larger-scale agribusinesses, many using new technologies, are the future of Japanese farming, says Miyagi University professor emeritus Kazunuki Ohizumi, who has been studying farming trends in Japan for decades.
“Large-sized farmers are the ones to revitalise Japan’s agriculture, which will be changed significantly,” he said.
“Of course, IT, robots and artificial intelligence are needed, which will generate jobs to handle such technologies.”
Japan is seeing a shift towards company-run farms, whose numbers have jumped from 8,700 in 2005 to 20,800 last year.
The number of young people working in agriculture is slowly rising. The farm industry added just over 23,000 workers under the age of 49 in 2015, up from fewer than 18,000 five years ago.
Source: Reuters. Date: 2017-08-14
Agriculture sector does well as China buys more fruits and veggies
Agricultural products exported to China now account for 50 per cent of total border trade flow between the two countries, signifying greater approval from Chinese consumers, officials say.
The surge in cross-border trade of agricultural produce was highlighted last Friday at a forum jointly held by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and the Lạng Sơn People’s Committee.
The forum discussed ways to further increase the flow of Vietnamese fruit and vegetables into Chinese markets via official border trade.
The Agriculture Ministry’s Plants Protection Department (PPD) announced that in total, Việt Nam exported over two million tonnes of fruits and vegetables worth US$1.6 billion to China last year. Corresponding figures for the first seven months of this year are 1.2 million tonnes and $1.3 billion.
Key exports are fresh fruits and vegetables, with strong growth seen in rubber-based products, tapioca, coffee and tea.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade’s (MoIT) Mountainous and Frontier Trade Department (MFTD) said the bilateral agricultural trade surplus is financial boost for Vietnamese farmers, merchants and people living within the border region.
They said the produce being exported to China enjoyed the advantage of having more favourable cultivation conditions, and as such were always welcomed by Chinese buyers.
The MFTD said they have been working tirelessly with their Chinese counterparts to implement enabling policies and regulations to shape the trade flow between the two countries.
These include stricter customs checks, better quality control, transportation and storage infrastructure before clearance, as well as the opening of auxiliary border gates.
As a result, exports of fresh fruits and vegetables to China has been increasing rapidly in quantity and quality, with around 478,514 tonnes of dragon fruit, 223,455 tonnes of watermelon, 240,345 tonnes of longan and 81,198 tonnes of lychee going through border gates in Lạng Sơn Province alone last year.
Corresponding figures so far this year are 273,154 tonnes of dragon fruits, 167,035 tonnes of watermelon and 19,505 tonnes of lychee, worth of $203 million, $75 million and $9.3 million, respectively.
Similar tastes
Huang Tan Mei, Vice Mayor of Chongzuo City in Guangxi Province, said at the forum that thanks to many similarities in tastes and demands between people on both sides of the Vietnamese- Chinese border, trade volume should increase steadily in the years to come.
The annual average agricultural export turnover from Việt Nam to Chongzou is now 1.86 million tonnes through Lạng Sơn border gates alone, Huang said.
She also believed that with the leadership of both countries maintaining tight co-operation through information exchanges and encouraging agricultural production, there was always room for growth as more and more Vietnamese products were gaining Chinese consumers’ trust.
Lý Vinh Quang, Vice Chairman of Lạng Sơn Provincial People’s Committee, said that authorities are committed to supporting businesses and creating favourable conditions for export growth through more transparent rules and procedures.
According to the Tân Thanh Customs Branch under the Lạng Sơn Customs Department, around 250 to 280 truckloads of fresh fruits with cold storage facilities go through the border gates everyday, averaging 2,600 tonnes to 3,200 tonnes.
Each day, across all border gates in Lạng Sơn Province, at least 1,500 trucks carrying Vietnamese agricultural products head for China.
Customs officers have been instructed to give clearance and transit priority to agricultural products, and online customs procedures that can be completed in three to five minutes have helped. Coupled with a newly upgraded parking lots system, storage spaces and customs office sin Lạng Sơn Province, the transport of fruits and vegetables to China has become much easier.
Productivity boost
At a recent, regular meeting of the ministry, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Nguyễn Xuân Cường said over the past seven months, the sector has seen growth in both productivity and export turnover.
Cường said in the the first seven months of 2017, Việt Nam had successfully exported $10.89 billion worth of agricultural products, a year on year increase of 18 per cent. Export of fresh fruits and vegetables fetched $2.03 billion, a year on year increase of 48.9 per cent.
According to a report from the MARD’s Department of Crop Production (DCP), the output of vegetables and fruits has increased and domestic prices have been stable this year. The prices of some fruits have even doubled from last year, like lychee at $1.69 per kilogramme or cashew at $2.2 per kilogramme.
Aquaculture has overcome harsh weather conditions to reach a production of 4 million tonnes in the first seven months, a year on year increase of 5 per cent, accounting for 57.4 per cent of the annual goal.
In the livestock sector, despite earlier pork price fluctuations, output has stabilised since July, with exports to China increasing slightly. Prices of eggs have almost doubled, mostly due to a rising demand for baking in preparation for the upcoming Mid-Autumn festival.
On average, as of July 2017, the number of pigs had dropped by 3.3 per cent, cows increased 2.2 per cent, and that of poultry increased by five per cent from the same period in 2016, on par with the sector’s annual growth rate of 3 per cent.
Agricultural exports have risen and the DCP estimates; market is also on the rise, with the DCP guaranteeing 2017’s annual growth up to 2.05 per cent.
Nonetheless, Cường asked all departments and agencies under the MARD work together on helping solve remaining problems in the sector.
For instance, they should co-operate with the Water Resources Department in fighting floods and landslides, or the Department of Livestock in stabilising domestic meat prices and export meat quality control.
The Minister also stressed that comprehensive steps should taken from the policy level onwards to guarantee stable exports outflows, ensuring quality of produce, product diversification and application of technological advances in both cultivation and post-harvest preservation.
Source: VNS. Date: 2017-08-14
Contract cattle kills sought by beef company, with sights set on Chinese supermarket trade
The demand for cheaper supermarket beef in China has prompted a new Australian joint-venture to directly source and process cattle for boxed export.
While the vertically integrated business model is already used by larger agribusinesses, Spinifex Beef does not own infrastructure or breed its own livestock. Instead it purchases cattle from producers and has the meat processed and packed on contract by existing abattoirs.
Supported by the 3 Mark Group, which already exports chicken and seafood to Asia, the company hopes to capitalise on existing customers to sell its beef.
Spinifex Beef has only sourced cattle from Queensland to date, but hopes to expand further, particularly into northern Australia.
Chief executive Ian Bradford said the company was targeting supermarket clientele as its market segment in China.
“We’re after a 500-gram-sized piece of meat, pre-packed here in Australia, labelled here in Australia, sent to China and pulled straight out of the chilled boxed onto the shelf,” he said.
“It’s a good model given we’ve got established clientele up there already.”
While agribusiness Elders is already well-established in the Chinese market targeting the high-end restaurant trade, companies operating out of northern Australia such as Hancock Pastoral and Australian Agricultural Company have taken steps recently with the intention to export live cattle and boxed beef to China respectively.
However the high price of cattle, and lack of available supply, make it difficult for firms to meet the much-heralded hunger of the Chinese.
Even if Spinifex Beef could source more stock from the north, Mr Bradford said there was a lack of available accredited processors.
“We’re hamstrung — we’d like to do a lot more out of the north without a doubt, however it’s just a lack of facilities,” he said.
“The type of meat that we’d like to produce for the supermarkets is more suited to come from our northern cattle because of the fat content.
“It’s a non-fat cut, very similar to the South-East Asian preferred type of meat that is boiled in a pot.”
While AACo’s Livingstone Beef processing facility near Darwin is currently seeking accreditation to access China, some other beef processors in Australia suffered a setback recently — hit with a temporary export ban.
Mr Bradford said he would like to engage with northern processors to have them slaughter cattle on a contract basis.
“Hopefully on the horizon we can organise a facility or get a facility across the line that can be accredited to go straight into China,” he said.
Source: ABC News. Date: 2017-08-14
